Rwanda

NDC Status

Rwanda submitted its third NDC in December 2025.

Key highlights from the NDC

• Rwanda’s third NDC outlines an ambitious plan to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and emphasizes both mitigation and adaptation strategies in response to climate change impacts. The NDC is explicitly aligned with Rwanda's Green Growth & Climate Resilience Strategy and its long-term vision for a net zero, climate resilient economy by 2050.
• The NDC raises ambition with quantified sectoral reductions as the core basis for its mitigation targets. It increases targets from a 38 percent reduction (22 percent conditional) by 2030 to a 53 percent economy wide reduction (46 percent conditional) by 2035, against business as usual (BAU).
• The NDC expands adaptation to additional domains including sanitation, ecosystem restoration, infrastructure and a dedicated new Loss & Damage mechanism, reflecting a broader, more integrated national resilience strategy.
• The total cost of the third NDC is estimated at US$12 billion through 2035.
• The NDC incorporates just transition principles, including gender equality and social inclusion, protection of vulnerable groups, climate induced mobility, and green jobs, within its mitigation and adaptation strategies.
• The NDC also aligns with SDG-linked indicators and has a strong focus on nature and biodiversity, with inclusion of LULUCF, ecosystems, sustainable land management, wetland restoration, and nature-based adaptation.
• Rwanda's third NDC formulation was supported by REMA, GGGI, NDC Partnership, the Government of Canada, GIZ and the Ministry of Environment, while UNDP supported Rwanda's long term strategy revision and prior NDC enhancement.